• A Swiss firm founded in Bangkok in 1882 by A. Berli. The firm became Berli. Jucker & Co. in Thailamd and still exists, see here.
• Opened in Singapore in 1915 but closed in the early 1920's. [H06p396]

• Formed out of firm of Lambert and Co., builders of carriages, est. 1865 and running up to 1890 at least. Proprietor “Daddy” Abrams bought out rival Straits Horse Repository (1885-1908). [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Adis & Co. were founded in 1876.
• They proprietor, Mr. Nissim Nissim Adis, was from Howrah, West Bengal.
• They were exchange agents & stockbrokers.
• They started a similar firm in 1888 in Hong Kong.
• Mr. Adis was the sole owner of the Hotel de l'Europe.
• [W05p630-1]

• Established 1863, originally in Coleman Street under proprietor A. Puhlmann. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Founded in 1923 in Singapore to deal in & mill rubber [H01 p 221]

• Was established in 1893 by Mr. George d'Almeida
• They were civil engineer, architect and surveyor.
• [W05p628]

• They were the owners of Perseverance Estate [ca 1860s].
• Planted: citronella and lemon grasses from which citronella and lemon grass oils were extracted and used in the making of soap, scent, medications, bug repellent, etc.
• [W05p664]

• Located in Raffles Square in 1864 along with three other banks. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Seems to have been liquidated ca

• Eestablished in 1907 by Henry Atkinson and R. H. Forbes upon the take over the firm of Lindsay & Atkinson [W05p697]
• main business is the sale of Oliver typewriters
• also agents for several companies

• Established in 1935.
• Offices in Singapore and Penang.
• Had functioned from 1918 as the banking department of Chop Ban Hin Lee of Towkay Yeap Chor Ee (1868-1952). [L03pp454-479]
• In July 2000, Ban Hin Lee Bank Berhad merged with Southern Bank Berhad and the combined entity became known as Southern Bank Berhad. [see here]

• Established in Ipoh in 1920.
• Sometime after 1930 it was closed.
• [L03pp454-479]

• Opened its branch in Singapore on 2 September 1912. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• A German firm established in 1847. [L02]

• The brickworks were in Batam but the head office was in Singapore.
• It was bought in 1896 by Raja Alie but had existed for a time before.
• Their output was 30,000 bricks / day employing 200 men.
• Also traders in copra using his steamer Karang.
• [W05p664]

• Established in Singapore in 1920. [L03pp454-479]
• Operated in Batu Pahat, Johore. [L03pp454-479]
• In 1963, the Oversea Chinese Banking Corporation create the Pacific Bank to acquire 97% of Batu Pahat Bank. [see here]

• Mining engineering, formed 1899 and were agents of Betong and Kechau. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Opened a Singapore office in 1900. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Founded in Singapore in 1922 by Tan Kah Kee as a rubber milling firm still operating in 1933 [H01 p 220]

• In business by 1895, out of business by 1910. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Head office in Manchester (same name as the office in Singapore) a branch in Bradford and an agency in Hamburg
• Founded in Singapore ca1877 by J. Brinkmann
• Specialized in pieces goods from Manchester and Bradford
• Importers of: ironware and rough goods from Europe
• Exporters of: gambier, pepper, rattan, canes, pearl sago, rubber, gutta, copra, sago-flour, tapioca, hides etc.
• Agents for a number of insurance companies.
• [W05p680]

• Shipbuilders in 1863, name changed to Buyers and Robb by 1867. Had a dock at Teluk Ayer and another at Pulo Brani; out of business about 1885. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Shipbuilders name changed from Buyers and Riach in 1867. Had a dock at Teluk Ayer and another at Pulo Brani; out of business about 1885. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• A Parsee firm established in 1848. [L02]

• A Parsee firm establshed in 1849. [L02]

• Opened in 1906 a motor engineering works [W05p702]

• Charlie Frederick Foster Wearne and brother Theodore James Benjamin Wearne from Australia

• On 26 November 1912, the firm became Wearne Brothers Ltd.

• motor vehicle sales and rentals as well as petrol for these

• see Wearnes http://www.wbl.com.sg/heritage.shtml

• Singapore branch was opened in 1897 by M. Louis Dupire partner of Mr. C. Dupire.
• They supplied mining equipment.
• Impoters / exporters.
• Agents for several rubber plantation and tin mines
• [W05p674]
• At some point their name changed to Dupire Bros. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Head office in London with branches throughout the far East.
• They specialized only in wines and spirits.
• Was originally established in Shanghai in 1864 when John Macgregor and Jack Caldbeck purchased the
  business of George Smith and Company.
• Macgregor had come East to seek his fortune after serving in the Royal Navy in the Crimean War.
  Caldbeck had been the P&O agent in Singapore.
• They had branches along the China coast and profitable outposts in Peking and Tientsin.
• A London office was set up in 1882.
• They opened a branch in 1889 in Hong Kong.
• Were the best known firm in the wine and spirits business in the Far East.
• See : Hongs with long histories and British Connections
• [W05p680]

• Formed pre-1898.
• Owned by Lim Ho Puah who is a partner in Wee Bin & Co.
• Originally opened as the repair shop for the Wee Bin & Co.
• Ship repair and building, motorized vehicle and agents for many such foreign companies, plant equipment.
• [W05p650]

• Established in 1912 in Singapore.
• On 14 December 1932 the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation [OCBC] was born out of the Great Depression with the merger of three banks: the Chinese Commercial Bank Limited (1912), the Ho Hong Bank Limited(1917) and the Oversea-Chinese Bank Limited (1919).
• [L03p467]

• Choo Lam & Co. was founded ca1880s by Mr. Lim Kwee Eng, J.P.
• They were pineapple preservers.
• [W05p635]

• Their factory was located on Serangoon Road.
• They employed over 250 to produce 40,000 cases / week of tinned pineapples.
• [W05p652-657]

• Started business on 4 February 1950 in Singapore.
• Had an office in Ipoh. [L03pp454-479]
• In 1971, United Overseas Bank acquired a majority interest in Chung Khiaw Bank and its branch network in Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong. In 1988, Chung Khiaw Bank became a wholly-owned bank subsidiary of United Overseas Bank. [see here]

• A very early firm of land agents and auctioneers, founded in 1826 and turned over to the second generation in 1855. Still active in 1920. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Accountants, auditors, secretaries, since 1887. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Founded in 1873. [L02]

• Founded in 1871. [L02]

• Messrs. F. W. Baker & Co. was founded in 1902 in Singapore. [W05p625]
• They were accountants & auditors. [W05p625] Became Barker & Co. and in 1922 Harrison, Barker & Co. [H01 p 184-7]
• Barker and Co., Ltd.: F.W. Barker arrived in the early 90’s and worked with Gilfillan Wood. Under the name F.W. Barker and Co., set up in business as accountant and estate manager about 1902. By 1914 had a branch at and employed 5 C.A.s. Became a limited liability company in 1917. [Additional information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Were mentioned on the jurors lists for 1904 & 1916.
• Construction business run by John Fraser, leasing the Johore Steam Sawmills and building residential houses. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Established in 1865. [L02]

• Founded in 1875 y G. R. Lambert & Co. from Dresden, Germany [W5p702-5]

• photographers and related equipment.

• produce about 250,000 postcards / year

• photographer by special appointment to the king of Siam and the Sultan of Johore

• Established about 1863; an 1868 directory describes Locke Hong Ghee and Co., as “late Geok Teat and Co.” The patriarch, Tay Geok Teat, died a little time before 1920. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• A Swiss firm founded in 1895. [H06p396]
• O. Welti was the agent in Switzerland. [H06p396]
• Closed ca1901. [H06p396]

• Founded ca1890s by Henry Lake Coghlan from the Isle of Wight.
• Auctioneers, surveyors and estate agents.
• [W05p693-4]

• Created in 1910, the firm dealt mostly in rubber products such as cycles, as well as with the Dunlop Rubber Co. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]

• Head office was in Paris.
• They opened in Singapore in 1905.
• Offered piece goods, rough goods, cotton goods, wines, spirits, preserves, hardware etc.
• Agents for the Panhard and Levasseur autocar and the Rachal's Piano Company.
• [W05p672]

• Two Danes, Hammer and Hansen, established a water-supply company for shipping in 1863. After the death of Hammer, the controlling shares passed from d’Almeida to Messers Hartwig and Verloop; the company expanded exponentially and became a limited company when Verloop retired in 1910. It merged with its competitor, the company owned by Gaggino, in 1913. [Additional information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Founded in 1893.
• Timber milling on the banks of the Kallang River with an output of up to 20 tons of cut lumber / day.
• [W05p657]

• Established in 1917 in Singapore.
• Branches in Malacca (1917), Muar (1917), Batu Pahat (1917), Penang, Palembang, Seremban, Hong Kong, Batavia (Djakarta), Shanghai and Indonesia.
• On 14 December 1932 the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation [OCBC] was born out of the Great Depression with the merger of three banks: the Chinese Commercial Bank Limited (1912), the Ho Hong Bank Limited (1917) and the Oversea-Chinese Bank Limited (1919).
  [L03p467]

• Established in 1904 by Mr. Lim Peng Siang on North Bridge Road.
• His father owned Wee Bin & Co.
• They could produce 130 tons of oil and 70 tons of oil-cake / week from coconut employing 75 people.
• Their logo brand was an Elephant and Palm Tree
• Their rice mill was one of the largest in Singapore producing up to 100 tons of cleaned rice / day by 50 employees.
• [W05p652]

• Founded in 1916 and liquidated 1930 due to the depression. [YONG, C. F. (1989): Tan Kah-Kee - The Making of an Overseas Chinese Legend. Oxford University Press, Singapore]

• Short-lived, from 1905-1910. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Established 17 November 1898 as a limited company by Mr. Go Boon Kwan on Chiu Swee Road.
• Their specialty were ships' biscuits [hardtack].
• Starting in 1906 they traded as well as merchants & commission agents.
• [W05p657]

• The firm was founder ca1860s.
• They were pineapple packers.
• Their output was 60,000 cases / year.
• Their brands were Souirrel and Istana.
• [W05p657]

• (now Europe Hotel): Established in 1857 and remained on same site to 1920. Not a single building, it occupied a city block of bachelors’ quarters, as far as Coleman Street. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• George Lyon came to Singapore in 1860 and appears in the 1864 Directory as G. Lyon, Sandy Point, shipbuilder. The brother, apparently known as “The Laird”, had a son Edward, who was a cycle manufacturer in Battery Road, forerunner to the Straits Cycle Company. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• General importers / exporters
• Pineapple canning
• [W05p684]

• Founded ca 1857 [W5p700]
• jewellers and makers of chronomiters, clocks, and watches and various nautical instrument
• Originally coming out for the firm of W. Huxtable, Motion was in business for himself by 1883 and was responsible for the erection of the Jubilee clock at Malacca. By 1910 D, Maw, formerly of John Little and Co., was sole proprietor by 1910. [Additional information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• In 1837, Charles Spottiswoode, Thomas Scott and John Purvis formed the firm John Purvis & Co. [H02p61] Was one of the origin firm but closed as of 1884. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Founded in Singapore by 1909 by Tan Kah Kee as a rubber estates [H01 p 220]

• Pineapple preserving, 1873-1905. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]
• Founder in 1873 and in 1905 the firm was taken over by Guthrie & Co. [H06p395]

• Was established by William Wemys Ker in 1828 in Singapore. They had links in London and China [K02]
• Held four banking agencies. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Kim Hock Hoe & Co. was founded in 1893.
• The firm was headed by Mr. Wee Leong Tan.
• They were general ship owners and commission agents.
• [W05p640]

• Kim Seng & Co. commenced in 1842.
• They were general merchants.
• They had a branch in Malacca.
• [W05p633]

• Chop similar to F040. In blue on a stampless 25 January 1864 cover from PENANG to REIMS (Rheims ), France [Feldman Auction 16-17 April 2007, ex lot 31197]
• 11 Oct. 1861, Mr. Johnann Knus, approved of as Consul at Penang for H. M. the King of Prussia. [The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review, July - December, 1861 page 554 see here

• In 1867 Mr. M. Kuhn, a Hungarian started the business in Hong Kong
• A. Kuhn and S. Komor established branches in Shanghai, Yokohama, Kobe and Calcutta.
• They opened in Singapore in 1902 then closed and re-opened in 1907
• They were manufacturers of silver & gold lacquer, carved furniture, Satsuma and Cloisonné ware, bronzes
  etc.
• [W5p691-693]

• Established in 1903 in Singapore.
• Kwong Yik = “Benefiting Cantonese.”
• Dec. 1913 the bank went into liquidation.
• [L03pp454-479]

• Incorporated on 15 July 1913. [L03pp454-479]
• In 1997, the merger between DCB Bank Berhad and Kwong Yik Berhad was completed resulting in the formation of RHB Bank. [see here]

• Founded in 1862 [W05p700]

• They also established the Singapore Carriage Works.

• Carriages of all types are built and exported. Horses are sold on commission. Also have a horse shoe section and sell horse feed.

• Founded in 1920 in Singapore. [L03pp454-479]
• In 1973, Lee Wah Bank Ltd became a wholly owned subsidiary of United Overseas Bank Limited, Singapore. [see here]

• Leong Man Sau were pioneers in timber import / export.
• [W05p650]

• Head office is in Paris [W05p702]

• Singapore branch opened in 1904

• branches in Singapore, Manila, Iloilo in the Philippines, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Tientsin, Port Arthur, Kharbin and Bombay.

• jewelers, musical instruments

• agents for various companies including the Aspirator Company vacuum cleaners and the International Talking Machine Company

• Establish ca 1877.
• Formerly they were Tan Lian Swee & Co.
• Pineapple, mangosteens, jack fruit, ginger, papaya, guava, etc. canning as well as make crystallized ginger and pineapple.
• [W05p657]

• Wholesale and retail chemists and druggists
• When Mr. Maynard retired the firm became a limited liability company
• Formed a second time in 1900
• They were still in business when Singapore fell in WWII
• [W5p689]

• Established in Singapore in 1873. In 1883 there were three brothers of that name, Reuben, Elias and Manasseh Meyer. Only the last was resident in Singapore, Elias having been mostly in Calcutta. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Firm of accountants established in 1909, with a branch in Penang (McAuliffe, Davis, Evens and Co.) and one in Singapore. The clientele is mainly rubber interests. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• An English firm established in 1843. [L02]

• Founded in 1884 by Mr. E. S. Nathan [W05p700]

• (N. I. Commercial Bank) opened June 1, 1901. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Netherlands-Indian Discount Bank [W05p146]

• Estblished on 5 November 1857 in Batavia, Java with head office there. [W05p146]

• Branch opened in Penang on 2 November 1905. [W05p146]

• In Singapore the agents of the bank were the Banque de l'Indo-Chine and Messrs. Hooglandt & Co. [W05p146]

• In November 1789, Johan Anton Neubronner from Esch in Germany arrives at Malacca which was under Dutch rule at the time.
• The firm was founded in 1839, in Jonker Street, Malacca.
• They were tin mining financiers who dominate the tin trade in the area in first half of nineteenth century.
• Long term partners were brothers Thomas [Tom] and Louis S. Neubronner. Brothers Joseph and Daniel were also involved.
• The firm was one of the major creditors of Sultan Muhammad of Selangor.
• In latter years, the firm’s activities were concentrated mainly in Sungai Ujong.
• On 23 February 1824, Malacca was seeded by the Dutch to British in exchange for Bencoolen.
• In 1871, Tom Neubronner was the Secretary of the Municipal Commissioners, Malacca
• Thomas Neubronner, son of Johan Anton Neubronner was born on 5 July 1804 in Malacca. He died in Malacca on 25 May 1880 and is burried there.
• A second son, Louis Neubronner, was born in Malacca on 7 August 1808. He died in Malacca on 30 April 1879 and is burried there.
• Neubronners' in the Far East http://www.neubronnerweb.com
• [K02, p60 – 61]

• Created in 1885 by the amalgamation of Mitsui Bussan Kaisha Ltd. And the Union Transportation Co, subsidized by the Japanese Government; after 1899, most voyages were run on mail contracts. Until 1918 the agency in Singapore was held by Paterson, Simons and Co. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Opened a branch in Singapore late in 1855 but withdrew sometime after 1864. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• The Telegraph Company – complicated history, first listed in 1860 directory. Managed by a Mr. Pell, the Singapore office included a telephone office known as the Oriental Telephone Company (1881). Mr. Gott ran a similar Penang telephone company and it was taken over by Government. After purchasing a small telephone exchange in 1882, the telephone company was known as the Oriental Telephone and Electric Company. [See the list of subscribers in 1882, here]
• “In 1891 the Eastern Extension, Australasia and China Telegraph Company was the successor or amalgamator (about 1873) of the British India Extension Telegraph Company, the China Submarine Telegraph Company, the British Australasian Cable Company…”

Additional information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]

• Established in 1919.
• Branches in: Penang, Rangoon, Kuala Lumpur, Malacca, Amoy, Djambi (Sumatra).
• On 14 December 1932 the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation [OCBC] was born out of the Great Depression with the merger of three banks: the Chinese Commercial Bank Limited (1912), the Ho Hong Bank Limited (1917) and the Oversea-Chinese Bank Limited (1919).
• [L03p467]

• Incorporated in Singapore on 22 October 1947.
• Did not start operations until 5 February 1949.
• Had a branch in Swatow.
• [L03pp454-479]
• In 2002, they merged into the United Overseas Bank. [see here]

• Established in 1873 in Singapore by H. T. Powell
• Did business in: Singapore, Johore and the Native States
• Real estate auctioneers and valuers, arrange mortgages and collected rent.
• Suppliers of billiard tables and pianos.
• Agents for Lancashire Insurance Company
• [W05p93]
• Est. 1863 by H. T. Powell, later proprietor of the “Exchange Prices Current”. He sold out in 1871 to J.T. Lloyd and C. Dunlop in 1871; Dunlop retired to England only in 1916. Later partners included W. H. Derrick (of the Pahang Corporation) and H. L. Coghlan. When it became Powell and Co., Ltd., the first directors were C. M. van Cuylenberg and Harold Latham. [Additional information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Established in 1881 [W05p700]
• marble is plentiful in the Malay States.
• traders in marble, monuments, tombstones, and marble work
• owns a quarry in Ipoh in Perak which employs 250 there
• employ 50 masons in Singapore

• Philip Robinson arrived from Melbourne about 1857 and opened business the following year with James Gaboriau Spicer. On Robinsons’s death in 1868 his son S. R. Robinson took over and was still in control in 1920. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Founded on 1892
• Partners: J. D. Saunders, A. E. Mulholland and J. G. Mactaggart
• Exchange & stock brokers
• [W05p681]

• Singapore Cold Storage Company Ltd. were incorporated 1903. [W05p650]

• Successor to steam tramways formerly running from Tanjong Pagar to Johnston’s Pier and to Rochore. It lasted only three years, May 1886 to 1889, and was sold at auction to the Tanjong Pagar Dock Co. The rails were shortly taken up and this new company was formed in 1902, registered in London, though its stock did not roll until 1905. Contractors for the station, track and rolling stock were Dick, Kerr and Co. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Singapore Oil Mills were started in 1882.
• The Bintang Oil Mills were started in 1889 by Hermann Muhlinghaus [Mühlinghaus]
• In 1899 Hermann Muhlinghaus bought the Singapore Oil Mills and combined it with his Bintang Oil Mills.
• They manufactured 30 to 40 tons / day of coconut oil from copra. The residue was made into oilcakes for cattle feed.
• The firm's logo was a 5 pointed star with an M in centre.
• They also processed vegetable tallow, from the illipe nut, which is used in the manufacture of candles.
• Hermann Muhlinghaus retired in 1901 to Wiesbaden, Germany.
• [W05p647-650]

• Established ca 1897 by the Straits Development Company then sold to Mr. Choa Giang Thye in 1901.
• Largest in Singapore.
• Located on the Kallang River.
• Could produce 48 tons of sawn timber / day.
• Much of their plumber is exported.
• Employed 260 Chinese.
• [W05p650-2]

• Soon Whatt and Soon Chiang founded ?
• They were trades in rice and general produce merchants.
• They were steamship agents for the Sarawak and Singapore Steamship Company. Owned by Mr. Ong Tiang Soon
• [W05p637-40]

• The existed briefly in 1914. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Founded ca1906 on Kalland Road.
• A. Westerhout and Chee Swee Cheng timber merchants and ice manufacturers.
• The output of the saw mill was 25 tons / day and that of the ice mill was 6 tons / day.
• [W05p664]

• Messrs. Swann & Maclaren were established in 1885.
• Mr. J. Waddell Boyd Maclaren was from Edinburgh.
• They were architects & civil engineers.
• [W05p627]

• Son of Tan Tock Seng [m01p250] Tan Kim Ching (1829-1892) had inherited a large fortune. Set up a rice mills in Siam and Saigon. In 1864 along with Guthrie set up the Tanjong Pagar Dock Company. [T01p92+99+100]

• They were the oldest fruit preserving business in Singapore.
• They employed several 100 men.
• [W05p657]

• Established in 1896 by Dr. Galloway [W05p697]

• wholesale and retail dispensing chemist and druggist business with an optical department.

• exporting to Java, Jahore and the native States, Sarawak and Siam.

• Messrs. Tomlinson & Lermit were founded ca mid 1880s.
• Mr. S. Tomlinson was from Yorkshire & Mr. Alfred William Lermit from Colchester.
• They were civil engineers, architects & surveyors.
• [W05p627-8]
• Tomlinson became waterworks engineer for Bombay in 1886, then became Municipal Engineer for Singapore in 1896. Lermit came from England in 1883 to work for Crane Bros. and did important surveying work in Province Wellesley, Johore and Singapore. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Opened a Singapore Branch in 1840. [Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Opened on 1 October 1935. [L03pp454-479]
• In 1965, the United Chinese Bank changed its name to United Overseas Bank (UOB). [see here]

• An English firm founded in 1842. [L02]
• Likely related to the firm Paterson, Simons and Company

• Founded by Mr. Zerner and Mr. Alfred Montor in 1903 [W05p694]
• The senior partner Mr. Chas. Weill resides in Paris
• gems, pearls, watches, chronometres, jewellery fabrrication
• sold to general public but also to the Rajas and the King of Siam

• Messrs. Whampoa & Co. were formed in 1842.
• The founder was Mr. Hoo Ah Kay Whampoa, C.M.G & M.L.C.
• They were general merchants, contractors, importers and bakers.
• [W05p 634-5]
• The firm of the great Towkay, Hoo Ah Kay, nicknamed Whampoa, from his place of birth. Hoo Ah Kay was a leading Chinese figure and the first Chinese to serve on the Legislative Council. From 1895 the signers were Mrs. Cheah Hee Lin and Chun Chun Fook, and from 1905 Hoo Hong Kee. [Additional information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]

• Founded in 1877. [L02]

• The firm was founded in 1899 by Henry Alfred Neubronner and Alan Wilson.
• In the next 15 years, they proceed to build many of the famous buildings in Penang including: the Kapitan Keling Mosque, the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank and the Bank of the Netherlands Trading Society, etc. http://www.neubronnerweb.com/wst_page12.html
• Henry Alfred Neubronner was born in Malacca on 19 April 1871. He died in 1919.
• He was educated in London and in 1899 he graduated as an architect and moived back to Penang.
• He was the Consul for Siam in Penang. His father Alfred De Windt Neubronner was the Consul-General for Siam in Penang with the rank of Phya Dwip Siamkitch. At his death in 1915, he had served in this post for 38 years.

• Singapore branch established in 1900.
• "Have branches in almost every Eastern City"
• Leading drapers and general outfitters and every kind of household requirement.
• The Singapore staff consists of 55 persons.
• [W05p689-691]
• Founded in Calcutta in 1882, arrived in Singapore in 1900 and quickly opened branches at Penang, Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Taiping, Seremban, Klang, Malacca and Teluk Anson. Probably a construction firm.[Information from John Wilson 20 November 2006. [M04]]